Blog

What subject matter experts really do in eLearning (and why your course depends on them)

Written by Tyrone Staben | 3/02/2025

When it comes to eLearning, the Subject Matter Expert (SMEs) are nothing short of superheroes—minus the cape (though wouldn’t that be fun?). Their deep expertise is the engine that drives quality content, innovation, and relevance in digital learning. Let’s dive into their critical role and why they’re essential.

Understanding Subject Matter Experts (SMEs)

A subject matter expert (SME) is the go-to person for specialised, in-depth knowledge. They’re the walking encyclopedia you want in the room. But don’t mistake them for generalists with a lot of trivia—they’ve earned their expertise through years of experience, professional training, or advanced education. Whether the focus is chemistry, healthcare, or coding, SMEs bring the nuance and credibility needed to elevate any learning resource or strategy.

They don’t just know the “what” of a topic; they know the “why,” the “how,” and often, the “what could go wrong if you don’t listen to me.”

What makes a great SME?

The best SMEs don’t just have knowledge—they have credibility. Here’s what defines them:

  • Hands-on experience: They’ve been in the trenches, solving real-world problems. Think of a machinist who has mastered the craft over decades.
  • Formal qualifications: Advanced degrees or certifications lend academic weight to their expertise. For example, a PhD in chemistry is the gold standard for a chemistry SME.
  • Continuous learning: The best SMEs stay curious. They don’t just rest on their laurels—they attend conferences, complete training, and stay ahead of trends.

Why are SMEs so important in elearning?

SMEs are the secret sauce in eLearning success. Here’s how they make magic happen:

1. Bridging knowledge gaps

Learning designers excel in structuring learning experiences, but SMEs fill in the technical, industry-specific, or domain-related knowledge. They help make complex concepts understandable by providing analogies, examples, and context. Basically, they help bring the content to life!

2. Reducing risk

Got questions like, “Will this course meet compliance standards?” or “Are we including accurate information?” SMEs are your safety net. Their expertise ensures accuracy, saving you from costly errors.

3. Innovation & depth

When SMEs are involved, they bring fresh ideas, depth and insights that push boundaries. Whether it’s creating dynamic case studies or solving tricky learner engagement challenges, they’re often the spark of brilliance in a project.

What do SMEs actually do when working with a Learning Designer?

Their role can vary, but here are three common hats they wear in eLearning projects:

1. Project planning

SMEs play a crucial role in project planning by ensuring that learning outcomes align with industry needs from the outset. During the planning phase, they review and validate learning objectives to confirm their relevance and alignment with professional standards. For example, in a software training course, an SME might refine the goals to match both learner needs and business outcomes.

2. Content creation

SMEs supply the essential facts, theories, concepts, and best practices that form the foundation of the course. They share existing resources such as textbooks, reports, guides, and research papers to provide accurate and up-to-date information. They also identify key learning objectives based on industry standards and professional expectations, ensuring the course content remains relevant. 

3. Support assessment design

To ensure assessments are meaningful, SMEs support the learning designers to create quiz questions, case studies, and project-based assessments, ensuring they accurately measure learning outcomes. They validate that test questions align with course objectives and effectively assess the intended knowledge and skills. Additionally, they ensure the difficulty level is appropriate for the target audience, providing a balanced challenge that supports learning and retention.

4. Review and approve course materials

SMEs act as quality control by ensuring content accuracy and usability throughout the course development process. They review course drafts, lesson scripts, and storyboards to identify any errors or inconsistencies. When necessary, they provide corrections, additional details, or clarifications to enhance the accuracy and relevance of the material. Before the course goes live, they give final approval, ensuring it meets industry standards and effectively supports learners' needs.

Becoming a Subject Matter Expert in elearning

Curious about becoming an SME? Here’s the roadmap:

  • Get experience: Seek hands-on opportunities that deepen your expertise.
  • Keep learning: Stay current by attending workshops, earning certifications, or engaging in peer discussions.
  • Build your network: Collaborate with others in your field to gain visibility and share insights.

Why SMEs are crucial

In eLearning, SMEs don’t just share their expertise—they elevate the entire process. They ensure content is accurate, engaging, and aligned with the learners’ needs. For educators, their contributions mean better teaching tools. For students, it’s about learning that sticks.

Think of SMEs as expert navigators guiding your team through the complexities of knowledge-sharing. Their blend of academic depth, practical experience, and fresh perspectives is an unbeatable formula for success.

Your turn

If you’re working on an eLearning project, how are you leveraging your SME’s strengths? And if you’re an SME yourself, how do you stay sharp in your field? Let’s discuss!